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They allow rapid testing of diverse potential compounds at low cost

Front Immunol 2021;12:632132

The supplementation of arginine at different concentrations (6.25, 25, and 100 mg/kg) on e16 stimulated myoblast differentiation but reduced the number of myofibers and the subsequent muscle growth during the post-hatch period (80)

On April 22, 2025 , DSM-Firmenich entered into strategic collaborations with biotechnology firms to develop advanced delivery systems such as liposomal and nano-formulated glutathione, improving stability and bioavailability for dietary supplements and pharmaceutical applications

Abbreviations THC: 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol CBD: Cannabidiol BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ROS: Reactive oxygen species TNF-: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha NF-kB: Nuclear factor-kB COX2: Cyclooxygenase 2 IL-6: Interleukin-6 IL-1: Interleukin-1 IL-1: Interleukin-1 beta iNOS: Inducible nitric oxide synthase NO: Nitric oxide Bcl-2: B-cell lymphoma-2 Bax: Bcl-2-like protein 4 Trk: Tropomyosin receptor kinase GABA: Gamma-aminobutyric acid Ach: Acetylcholine GAT1: GABA transporter type 1 NE: Norepinephrine 5-HT: 5-Hydroxytryptamine GPx: Glutathione peroxidase CAT: Catalase GSH: Reduced glutathione MDA: Malondialdehyde 8-OHdG: 8-Hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine CB1: Cannabinoid receptor type 1 CB2: Cannabinoid receptor type 2 CNS: Central nervous system ATP: Adenosine triphosphate NF-b: Nuclear factor kappa B ER: Endoplasmic reticulum JNK: C-Jun N-terminal kinase p38 MAPK: P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase CHOP: C/EBP homologous protein Camp: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate PKA: Protein kinase A LTP: Long-term potentiation LTD: Long-term depression NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate CaMK: Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase PERK: Protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase eIF2: Eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha MOMP: Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization References Abboussi O et al (2014) Chronic exposure to WIN55, 2122 affects more potently spatial learning and memory in adolescents than in adult rats via a negative action on dorsal hippocampal neurogenesis