glutathione-dependent detoxification pathway Glutathione-Mediated Conjugation of Anticancer Drugs: An Overview of Reaction Mechanisms and Biological Significance for Drug and Bioactivation Phase II Detoxification Enzymes |

As with NF-B, paradoxical evidence of AP-1s role as a target for sulforaphane has been noted

Intriguingly, Dichtl et al

Solecki W, Turek A, Kubik J, Przewlocki R

The team confirmed that 1) CBS protein and H2S levels were elevated in DS cells, 2) that mitochondrial metabolism is impaired in these cells, and 3) demonstrated that CBS inhibition or downregulation improves bioenergetic functions, restores mitochondrial Complex IV activity and consequently improve viability and proliferation rate in DS cells (Panagaki et al 2019)

Peroxynitrite is considered the ultimate oxidant responsible for the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening, potentially leading to liver cell death [50-52]