manganese superoxide dismutase glutathione Dismutase: Structure, Function, and Implications in Human Disease Western blot analysis of superoxide

Mitochondrial damage causes an alteration in intracellular calcium levels and in normal functioning of the ETC (Harraz et al., 2008

These effects begin as changes within a neuron, at the DNA and RNA level, and result in alterations in neuronal plasticity and dysregulation of many cognitive functions including learning and memory

Additionally, the de-lactylation of H4K8 by SIRT2 has been shown to suppress neuroglioma cells [55]

Preclinical models have demonstrated the potential of targeting the cGAS-STING axis and enhancing deoxyribonuclease 1-like 3 (DNase1L3) activity for the treatment of autoimmune diseases (19,45,46)