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In vitro experiment in vitro is a Latin phrase meaning 'in glass.' Natural killer (NK) cells - immune cells that release toxic chemicals to help destroy foreign invaders Observational study - a human research study in which no experimental intervention or treatment is applied, and participants are simply observed over time Oxidative damage - damage caused to large molecules (i.e., carbohydrates, protein, fat, DNA) by the presence of reactive oxygen species Oxidative stress - a situation in which the production of reactive oxygen species exceeds the ability of an organism to eliminate or neutralize them Pathogen - a disease-causing organism Phagocytes - immune cells that engulf and destroy foreign invaders Placebo - a chemically inactive substance Proliferation - an increase in the number or amount of something Randomized controlled trial - a human research study in which participants are assigned by chance alone to receive either an experimental agent (the treatment group) or a placebo (the control group) Reactive oxygen species (ROS) - highly unstable oxygen-containing compounds that react easily with nearby cellular structures, potentially causing damage T lymphocytes (T cells) - immune cells that detect specific pathogens and coordinate an immune response Authors and Reviewers Originally written in March 2016 by: Giana Angelo, Ph.D

5% except with the highest concentration of Formulation 4 comprised of 94% cysteine

figurines made of ceramic, china, crystal, earthenware, glass, or porcelain

The strengths of the current study include high-field MRS and inclusion of multiple regions, among them the PUT, a striatal region which has been linked to increased glutamate levels in 3 T studies in patients with schizophrenia