cellular glutathione synthesis and mitochondria Glutathione System from Cyanobacteria to

The effects of continuing and discontinuing smoking on the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the healthy middle-aged working population in Japan

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Furthermore, the intervention improved depressive symptoms, multiple cognitive domains, overall quality of life, social activity participation, and health status in AD patients (Kaushik et al., 2025)

Effects of the insulin-like growth factor system on testicular differentiation and function: A review of the literature

Excessive ROS triggers oxidative stress Although ROS production in mitochondria is in balance with an intracellular antioxidant system under physiological conditions, the balance is easy to be disrupted under pathological conditions, such as radiation, hypoxia, cytokines, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia, which results in the accumulation of ROS, facilitating oxidative stress, cell damage, and diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, respiratory disease, and so on