l-carnitine shuttles fatty acids into mitochondria Carnitine shuttle system and beta oxidation of Role of Carnitine Shuttle System

ApoE influences amyloid-beta (Abeta) clearance despite minimal apoE/Abeta association in physiological conditions

Biomarker of abnormal energy metabolism in children with autism spectrum disorder

S methylation Thiol methylation is important in the metabolism of many sulfhydryl drugs

Half-life is useful because it indicates the time required to attain 50% of steady stateor to decay 50% from steady-state conditionsafter a change in the rate of drug administration

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1807087 Received 09 February 2026 Revised 18 April 2026 Accepted 27 April 2026 Published 14 May 2026 Volume 17 - 2026 Edited by Marit van Buuren, BioNTech US, United States Reviewed by David OSullivan, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand Yanying Yang, Fudan University, China Updates Copyright 2026 McPhedran, Zhao and Lum