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Of these mRNAs, perhaps most important is ATF4, a transcription factor that binds DNA targets to regulate gene expression, essential for restoring mitochondrial homeostasis [228]

Some research suggests improvements in GI health and behavioral symptoms, while other studies find no significant benefits[94,111]

It specifically inhibits the membrane function of Prevotella copri, thereby diminishing its capacity to generate TMA and subsequently reducing TMAO levels (Li et al., 2024)

doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.03.028 73 LiuXShaoYTuJSunJLiLTaoJet al

The effects on plasma L-arginine levels of combined oral L-citrulline and L-arginine supplementation in healthy males