how does glutathione s-transferase cause drug resistance in cancer cells transferases: substrates, inihibitors and pro-drugs and neurodegenerative diseases Frontiers | System Xc−/GSH/GPX4 axis:

Patients with protein C deficiency frequently manifest superficial and deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism

A negatively charged phospholipid found primarily in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane

Activated T cells that upregulate Gln transporters also exhibit signs of GLS-dependent activity ( In the microenvironment of liver cancer tumors, Gln deficiency promotes the invasion of myeloid cells expressing the immunosuppressive receptor GPR109A, facilitating immune evasion

These in vitro studies in monolayers with cancer-derived cell lines differ radically from the situation in vivo in the normal intact intestinal epithelium with numerous specialized cell types, intact blood and lymphatic circulations, and other structures and factors such as the glycocalyx, secreted mucus, reticuloendothelial cells, other immune cells, and mesenteric nerves

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