glutathione autism pathway Frontiers Intracellular and extracellular glutathione redox

The neurological mode of action of riboflavin and its active forms FMN and FAD appears to be complex and multifactorial, involving its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as the homocysteine/L-arginine/NO pathway

Wilder, carbohydrate consumption is limited to 10% of the total calorie intake [1618]

Unlike antioxidants that scavenge reactive oxygen species after formation, SS-31 selectively binds to cardiolipin, a phospholipid essential for mitochondrial inner membrane structure and electron transport chain function

DNA methylation is one of the most significant epigenetic modifications associated with depression, and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) is a key enzyme involved in this process

Review Articles Tripathi S, Wani SA, Mohan R