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References This article draws on peer-reviewed pharmacokinetic and clinical research on oral glutathione bioavailability and safety, established nephrology literature on renal glutathione physiology and oxidative stress, published data on N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) in contrast-induced nephropathy prevention, and India's CDSCO public advisory on injectable glutathione (issued May 18, 2026)

Maintaining protein intake of 0.8-1.0g per pound body weight and continuing resistance training helps preserve muscle mass during treatment

Blood was collected through cardiac puncture, followed by tissue collection

Children 7 , 270 (2020)

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos 82003830 and 82074304), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (2022M722852), the Research Project of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (2021JKZKTS016B), the Hangzhou Medical and Health Science and Technology Project (B20210343) and the Zhejiang Province Chinese Medicine Modernization Program (2022ZX003)