glutathione redox ratio endoplasmic reticulum cytosol NADPH and link TCA cycle activity to stress The role of redox signaling

Effect of probiotics lactobacillus and bifidobacterium on gut-derived lipopolysaccharides and inflammatory cytokines: an in vitro study using a human colonic microbiota model

Laboratory research demonstrates that BPC-157 treatment accelerates wound healing in diverse injury models including alkali burns, surgical incisions, and chronic wounds, with the peptide enhancing proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in vitro through dose-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation leading to increased cellular proliferation, migration, and vascular tube formation

The same study also demonstrated that perturbing glutamine pathway either via glutamine depletion or by using specific chemical inhibitors or due to genetic polymorphism (e.g., GLS2, SLC7A5, and SLC1A5), decreased T-cell associated cytokine production by the macrophages (PMID: 30541099)

The liver-specific enzyme, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGXT), plays a central role in catalysing glycine formation from glyoxylate 12,13,14 and recent transcriptomics studies from our group and others consistently reported suppression of AGXT in livers from patients and mice with MASH 12,15,16,17

Sutherland, A., Kim, D