l carnitine valproic acid toxicity Deficiency: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms, and More Valproic Acid • LITFL •
Description
In addition, nutritional factors, intestinal microflora, and genetic and epigenetic factors exhibit significant influence (48)
Cystine-glutamate antiporter
Research has found that carnitine deficiency can cause smooth muscle dysmotility (changes in speed, strength, or coordination) of the gastrointestinal tract (similar to what it does to muscle metabolism, causing muscle weakness), which can cause gastrointestinal discomfort and changes in the microbiota ( gut dysbiosis ), as well as constipation
Heptanoate as a neural fuel: energetic and neurotransmitter precursors in normal and glucose transporter I-deficient (G1D) brain
IntechOpen Prss-Ustn A, van Deventer E, Mudu P, et al (2019) Environmental risks and non-communicable diseases
