ghk cu seeum Neurogan and orange peel extract Copper Peptide Serum (GHK-Cu) –

10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153694 187 YanB.BelkeD.GuiY.ChenY

conceived and wrote the review, and A.C.C

Protein fermentation products such as indoxyl sulfate (IS), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) accumulate in CKD and correlate with tubular interstitial fibrosis severity by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and NF-B signaling (48)

Apr-Jun 2021;104(2):368504211024569

Vascular dark circles result from thin periorbital skin (thinnest on body at 0.5mm vs 2mm average facial skin) allowing visualization of underlying blood vessels and pooled deoxygenated blood appearing blue-purple through skin surface