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The number of young people in the US who have tried e-cigarettes tripled from 2011 to 2013, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said, adding that more than a quarter of a million young people who had never smoked a cigarette used e-cigarettes last year

[DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar] 81.Todd RD, Neuman RJ

As e-cigarette and vaping usage is newer, this has led some people to believe it is safer and even healthier than smoking cigarettes, which has led to an increase in people being introduced to nicotine at a younger age

In people who routinely smoke cigarettes, certain docking sites (receptors) in the brain become less sensitive over time due to frequent nicotine intake

Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Macrophage Polarization Since the effects of cigarette smoke are propagated by cell signaling proteins and in light of macrophages polarized toward different phenotypes in various diseases, there is an opportunity to target these aberrantly polarized cells with specific therapeutics