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In addition, the study also found that the urinary cotinine level was significantly associated with the presence of dental caries, and the doseresponse relationship was significantly positive

This desensitization increases the likelihood of continued tobacco use to maintain pleasurable feelings

Other common reasons for trying ENDS included using them in places where tobacco is not allowed and to replace, cut down, or quit other tobacco products (WYSAC, 2018)

In the future, more research can focus on other new pollutants, such as microplastics, volatile organic compounds, ozone, etc

Additionally, implementing policies such as tobacco taxes, advertising restrictions, and smoke-free laws creates environments that discourage tobacco use and support cessation efforts