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Clinicians should maintain realistic expectations about GLP-1 brain effects, emphasizing established benefits for glycemic control and weight management while acknowledging that applications for cognitive enhancement or neuroprotection remain unproven

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The FDA is expected to review the NDA during 2026, and approval would generate real-world effectiveness data that supplements the controlled trial results

it is likely to translate into better real-world adherence, and better adherence is the most important determinant of long-term therapeutic outcomes in chronic disease management

Monitor functional capacity: Rather than focusing solely on scale weight, tracking functional measures such as grip strength, ability to rise from a chair, or everyday activities can help identify concerning muscle loss