glp-1 updates Medicare Update: Millions Will See Costs Plummet to $50 Per Month Mastering GLP-1 Compounding," a Comprehensive

Acronyms A1C - Hemoglobin A1C ADA - American Diabetes Association CVD - Cardiovascular disease DM - Diabetes mellitus FBS - Fasting blood sugar GFR - Glomerular filtration rate GI - Gastrointestinal GIP - Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide GLP-1 - Glucagon-like peptide-1 HFpEF - Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction MASH - Metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatohepatitis NASH - Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis OSA - Obstructive sleep apnea RCT - Randomized controlled trial T2DM - Type 2 diabetes mellitus Thyroid C-cell tumor = Thyroid medullary tumor DRUGS IN CLASS Dual GLP-1 and GIP agonists Tirzepatide (Zepbound) - marketed for weight loss Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) - marketed for diabetes MECHANISM OF ACTION GLP-1 and GIP Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are hormones secreted by intestinal cells in response to eating

Metformin) with diagnosis of type 2 diabetes Documented history of lifestyle intervention Quarterly clinical review to assess improvement (weight loss or A1C) Discontinuation if there is no measurable improvement after 6 months 3

The first 30 amino residues of exendin-4 have 53% sequence homology to mammalian GLP-1, whereas the C-terminal nonapeptide extension has no similarities

Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with stem cells and antidiabetic drugs: a dualistic and future-focused approach

But with soaring demand comes new problems: shortages, staggering monthly prices, and a growing list of side effects