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Kolovou 2 , Z

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the phytochemicals targeting the L-arginine/NO/cGMP/K ATP pathway, elucidating their mechanisms of action, therapeutic applications, and clinical perspectives in cardiovascular health, metabolic disorders, pain management, and other physiological functions

No differences were noted with other cytokines/chemokines, including IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha

The distribution of these groups varies between locations, between clinical and commensal strains, animal or human carriage, and distribution of resistance genes

2.1 APPLICATIONS OF THE REDOX-BASED PROTEOMICS APPROACH IN MDMA-EXPOSED TISSUES The redox-based, Cys-targeted approach using biotin-NM, as we originally described [5154], exhibited a major advantage in detecting subtle increments in the amounts of oxidatively-modified proteins over the previously existing methods of using biotin-conjugated iodoacetamide (BIAM) [60], 4-iodobutyl-triphenylphosphonium [61], or isotope-coded affinity tag (ICAT) reagent [62], mainly because the levels of oxidized proteins detected with these reagents (e.g., BIAM, 4-iodobutyl-triphenylphosphonium, or ICAT) are inversely related to the increased levels of oxidative stress